{
  "slug": "sky-atlas",
  "title": "Sky Atlas",
  "subject": "Geography",
  "map": "Coastlines from Natural Earth 1:110m land (public domain). No country borders are drawn. Beacon positions are approximate centers of each place; for countries, the geographic coordinates in the CIA World Factbook as archived in January 2026 (the Factbook was discontinued in February 2026).",
  "levels": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Continents and oceans",
      "grades": "Grades 4–5",
      "skill": "geography.continents-oceans",
      "prompt": "Fly to {name}",
      "note": "Uses the seven-continent model taught in most US schools (Antarctica is off this map).",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "africa",
          "name": "Africa",
          "lat": 5,
          "lon": 20,
          "explanation": "Africa is the second-largest continent by area, after Asia.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/Continent/"
        },
        {
          "id": "asia",
          "name": "Asia",
          "lat": 45,
          "lon": 90,
          "explanation": "Asia is the largest continent by area and by population.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/asia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "europe",
          "name": "Europe",
          "lat": 50,
          "lon": 15,
          "explanation": "Europe is the second-smallest continent by area; only Australia is smaller.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/Continent/"
        },
        {
          "id": "north-america",
          "name": "North America",
          "lat": 45,
          "lon": -100,
          "explanation": "North America includes Canada, the United States and Mexico.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/Continent/"
        },
        {
          "id": "south-america",
          "name": "South America",
          "lat": -15,
          "lon": -60,
          "explanation": "The Amazon rainforest, the largest tropical rainforest on Earth, is in South America.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/Continent/"
        },
        {
          "id": "australia-continent",
          "name": "Australia (the continent)",
          "lat": -25,
          "lon": 134,
          "explanation": "Australia is the smallest of the seven continents.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/Continent/"
        },
        {
          "id": "pacific",
          "name": "the Pacific Ocean",
          "lat": 0,
          "lon": -150,
          "explanation": "The Pacific is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.",
          "source": "https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/biggestocean.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "atlantic",
          "name": "the Atlantic Ocean",
          "lat": 10,
          "lon": -35,
          "explanation": "The Atlantic is the second-largest ocean; it lies between the Americas and Europe and Africa.",
          "source": "https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/atlantic.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "indian",
          "name": "the Indian Ocean",
          "lat": -20,
          "lon": 80,
          "explanation": "The Indian Ocean is the third-largest ocean, south of Asia between Africa and Australia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116013026/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/oceans/indian-ocean/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "name": "Countries",
      "grades": "Grades 5–7",
      "skill": "geography.countries",
      "prompt": "Fly to {name}",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "brazil",
          "name": "Brazil",
          "lat": -10,
          "lon": -55,
          "explanation": "Brazil is the largest country in South America.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114030746/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/"
        },
        {
          "id": "canada",
          "name": "Canada",
          "lat": 60,
          "lon": -95,
          "explanation": "Canada is the second-largest country in the world by area, after Russia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118024030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/"
        },
        {
          "id": "mexico",
          "name": "Mexico",
          "lat": 23,
          "lon": -102,
          "explanation": "Mexico borders the United States to the north.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118235804/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico/"
        },
        {
          "id": "united-states",
          "name": "the United States",
          "lat": 38,
          "lon": -97,
          "explanation": "The United States borders Canada to the north and Mexico to the south.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116074445/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/"
        },
        {
          "id": "egypt",
          "name": "Egypt",
          "lat": 27,
          "lon": 30,
          "explanation": "Egypt is in northern Africa, with coasts on the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118070053/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/egypt/"
        },
        {
          "id": "india",
          "name": "India",
          "lat": 20,
          "lon": 77,
          "explanation": "India is in South Asia; the Himalaya mountains run along its northern border.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114030819/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/"
        },
        {
          "id": "china",
          "name": "China",
          "lat": 35,
          "lon": 105,
          "explanation": "China is in East Asia and is one of the largest countries in the world by area.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117040843/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/"
        },
        {
          "id": "japan",
          "name": "Japan",
          "lat": 36,
          "lon": 138,
          "explanation": "Japan is an island country in the Pacific Ocean, east of mainland Asia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118105509/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/"
        },
        {
          "id": "australia",
          "name": "Australia",
          "lat": -27,
          "lon": 133,
          "explanation": "Australia is both a country and a continent.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114050308/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/australia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "russia",
          "name": "Russia",
          "lat": 60,
          "lon": 100,
          "explanation": "Russia is the largest country in the world by area, spanning Europe and Asia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115083458/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "argentina",
          "name": "Argentina",
          "lat": -34,
          "lon": -64,
          "explanation": "Argentina is in southern South America; the Andes run along its border with Chile.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115161514/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/argentina/"
        },
        {
          "id": "france",
          "name": "France",
          "lat": 46,
          "lon": 2,
          "explanation": "France is in Western Europe, with coasts on the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118114001/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/"
        },
        {
          "id": "kenya",
          "name": "Kenya",
          "lat": 1,
          "lon": 38,
          "explanation": "Kenya is in East Africa, on the coast of the Indian Ocean.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114032756/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/kenya/"
        },
        {
          "id": "nigeria",
          "name": "Nigeria",
          "lat": 10,
          "lon": 8,
          "explanation": "Nigeria is in West Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116165016/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/"
        },
        {
          "id": "italy",
          "name": "Italy",
          "lat": 42.83,
          "lon": 12.83,
          "explanation": "Most of Italy is a boot-shaped peninsula that reaches into the Mediterranean Sea.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116052905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/"
        },
        {
          "id": "peru",
          "name": "Peru",
          "lat": -10,
          "lon": -76,
          "explanation": "Peru is on the Pacific coast of South America; the Andes run through it.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114100555/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru/"
        },
        {
          "id": "spain",
          "name": "Spain",
          "lat": 40,
          "lon": -4,
          "explanation": "Spain is in southwestern Europe, with coasts on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118090920/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/spain/"
        },
        {
          "id": "united-kingdom",
          "name": "the United Kingdom",
          "lat": 54,
          "lon": -2,
          "explanation": "The United Kingdom is made up of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, off northwest Europe.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118175542/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/"
        },
        {
          "id": "germany",
          "name": "Germany",
          "lat": 51,
          "lon": 9,
          "explanation": "Germany is in central Europe, between France and Poland.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115204708/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/germany/"
        },
        {
          "id": "saudi-arabia",
          "name": "Saudi Arabia",
          "lat": 25,
          "lon": 45,
          "explanation": "Saudi Arabia is on the Arabian Peninsula, between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118101507/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "mongolia",
          "name": "Mongolia",
          "lat": 46,
          "lon": 105,
          "explanation": "Mongolia is landlocked between Russia and China.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116071454/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "madagascar",
          "name": "Madagascar",
          "lat": -20,
          "lon": 47,
          "explanation": "Madagascar is a large island country off the southeast coast of Africa.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116044954/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/madagascar/"
        },
        {
          "id": "new-zealand",
          "name": "New Zealand",
          "lat": -41,
          "lon": 174,
          "explanation": "New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118075156/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/new-zealand/"
        },
        {
          "id": "indonesia",
          "name": "Indonesia",
          "lat": -5,
          "lon": 120,
          "explanation": "Indonesia is made up of thousands of islands in Southeast Asia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118180205/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/indonesia/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "name": "Capital cities",
      "grades": "Grades 7–9",
      "skill": "geography.capitals",
      "prompt": "Fly to the country whose capital is {clue}",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "kenya",
          "name": "Kenya",
          "lat": 1,
          "lon": 38,
          "clue": "Nairobi",
          "explanation": "Nairobi is the capital of Kenya.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114032756/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/kenya/"
        },
        {
          "id": "peru",
          "name": "Peru",
          "lat": -10,
          "lon": -76,
          "clue": "Lima",
          "explanation": "Lima is the capital of Peru.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114100555/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru/"
        },
        {
          "id": "egypt",
          "name": "Egypt",
          "lat": 27,
          "lon": 30,
          "clue": "Cairo",
          "explanation": "Cairo is the capital of Egypt.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118070053/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/egypt/"
        },
        {
          "id": "japan",
          "name": "Japan",
          "lat": 36,
          "lon": 138,
          "clue": "Tokyo",
          "explanation": "Tokyo is the capital of Japan.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118105509/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/"
        },
        {
          "id": "france",
          "name": "France",
          "lat": 46,
          "lon": 2,
          "clue": "Paris",
          "explanation": "Paris is the capital of France.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118114001/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/"
        },
        {
          "id": "canada",
          "name": "Canada",
          "lat": 60,
          "lon": -95,
          "clue": "Ottawa",
          "explanation": "Ottawa is the capital of Canada.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118024030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/"
        },
        {
          "id": "australia",
          "name": "Australia",
          "lat": -27,
          "lon": 133,
          "clue": "Canberra",
          "explanation": "Canberra is the capital of Australia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114050308/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/australia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "brazil",
          "name": "Brazil",
          "lat": -10,
          "lon": -55,
          "clue": "Brasília",
          "explanation": "Brasília is the capital of Brazil.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114030746/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/"
        },
        {
          "id": "argentina",
          "name": "Argentina",
          "lat": -34,
          "lon": -64,
          "clue": "Buenos Aires",
          "explanation": "Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115161514/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/argentina/"
        },
        {
          "id": "india",
          "name": "India",
          "lat": 20,
          "lon": 77,
          "clue": "New Delhi",
          "explanation": "New Delhi is the capital of India.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114030819/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india/"
        },
        {
          "id": "china",
          "name": "China",
          "lat": 35,
          "lon": 105,
          "clue": "Beijing",
          "explanation": "Beijing is the capital of China.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117040843/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/"
        },
        {
          "id": "russia",
          "name": "Russia",
          "lat": 60,
          "lon": 100,
          "clue": "Moscow",
          "explanation": "Moscow is the capital of Russia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115083458/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/russia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "mexico",
          "name": "Mexico",
          "lat": 23,
          "lon": -102,
          "clue": "Mexico City",
          "explanation": "Mexico City is the capital of Mexico.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118235804/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico/"
        },
        {
          "id": "nigeria",
          "name": "Nigeria",
          "lat": 10,
          "lon": 8,
          "clue": "Abuja",
          "explanation": "Abuja is the capital of Nigeria.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116165016/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/"
        },
        {
          "id": "spain",
          "name": "Spain",
          "lat": 40,
          "lon": -4,
          "clue": "Madrid",
          "explanation": "Madrid is the capital of Spain.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118090920/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/spain/"
        },
        {
          "id": "italy",
          "name": "Italy",
          "lat": 42.83,
          "lon": 12.83,
          "clue": "Rome",
          "explanation": "Rome is the capital of Italy.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116052905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/"
        },
        {
          "id": "germany",
          "name": "Germany",
          "lat": 51,
          "lon": 9,
          "clue": "Berlin",
          "explanation": "Berlin is the capital of Germany.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115204708/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/germany/"
        },
        {
          "id": "mongolia",
          "name": "Mongolia",
          "lat": 46,
          "lon": 105,
          "clue": "Ulaanbaatar",
          "explanation": "Ulaanbaatar is the capital of Mongolia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116071454/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mongolia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "saudi-arabia",
          "name": "Saudi Arabia",
          "lat": 25,
          "lon": 45,
          "clue": "Riyadh",
          "explanation": "Riyadh is the capital of Saudi Arabia.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118101507/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "united-states",
          "name": "the United States",
          "lat": 38,
          "lon": -97,
          "clue": "Washington, D.C.",
          "explanation": "Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116074445/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/"
        },
        {
          "id": "united-kingdom",
          "name": "the United Kingdom",
          "lat": 54,
          "lon": -2,
          "clue": "London",
          "explanation": "London is the capital of the United Kingdom.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118175542/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/"
        },
        {
          "id": "new-zealand",
          "name": "New Zealand",
          "lat": -41,
          "lon": 174,
          "clue": "Wellington",
          "explanation": "Wellington is the capital of New Zealand.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118075156/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/new-zealand/"
        },
        {
          "id": "madagascar",
          "name": "Madagascar",
          "lat": -20,
          "lon": 47,
          "clue": "Antananarivo",
          "explanation": "Antananarivo is the capital of Madagascar.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116044954/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/madagascar/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "name": "Flags",
      "grades": "Grades 4–9",
      "skill": "geography.flags",
      "prompt": "Fly to the country with this flag {flag}",
      "note": "Flags are drawn from the official description; colors are close matches.",
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "france",
          "name": "France",
          "lat": 46,
          "lon": 2,
          "flag": {
            "type": "v",
            "colors": [
              "#002395",
              "#ffffff",
              "#ed2939"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "France's flag has three equal vertical bands: blue (next to the pole), white and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118114001/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/"
        },
        {
          "id": "italy",
          "name": "Italy",
          "lat": 42.83,
          "lon": 12.83,
          "flag": {
            "type": "v",
            "colors": [
              "#009246",
              "#ffffff",
              "#ce2b37"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Italy's flag has three equal vertical bands: green (next to the pole), white and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116052905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/italy/"
        },
        {
          "id": "ireland",
          "name": "Ireland",
          "lat": 53,
          "lon": -8,
          "flag": {
            "type": "v",
            "colors": [
              "#169b62",
              "#ffffff",
              "#ff883e"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              1,
              2
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Ireland's flag has three equal vertical bands: green (next to the pole), white and orange.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260114082721/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ireland/"
        },
        {
          "id": "belgium",
          "name": "Belgium",
          "lat": 50.83,
          "lon": 4,
          "flag": {
            "type": "v",
            "colors": [
              "#000000",
              "#fae042",
              "#ed2939"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              13,
              15
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Belgium's flag has three equal vertical bands: black (next to the pole), yellow and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118154143/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/belgium/"
        },
        {
          "id": "nigeria",
          "name": "Nigeria",
          "lat": 10,
          "lon": 8,
          "flag": {
            "type": "v",
            "colors": [
              "#008751",
              "#ffffff",
              "#008751"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              1,
              2
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Nigeria's flag has three equal vertical bands: green, white and green.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116165016/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/"
        },
        {
          "id": "germany",
          "name": "Germany",
          "lat": 51,
          "lon": 9,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#000000",
              "#dd0000",
              "#ffce00"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              3,
              5
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Germany's flag has three equal horizontal bands: black on top, red, and gold.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115204708/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/germany/"
        },
        {
          "id": "netherlands",
          "name": "Netherlands",
          "lat": 52.52,
          "lon": 5.77,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#ae1c28",
              "#ffffff",
              "#21468b"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "The Netherlands' flag has three equal horizontal bands: red on top, white, and blue.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118201640/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/netherlands/"
        },
        {
          "id": "austria",
          "name": "Austria",
          "lat": 47.33,
          "lon": 13.33,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#ed2939",
              "#ffffff",
              "#ed2939"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Austria's flag has three equal horizontal bands: red, white and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118184519/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/austria/"
        },
        {
          "id": "poland",
          "name": "Poland",
          "lat": 52,
          "lon": 20,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#ffffff",
              "#dc143c"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              5,
              8
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Poland's flag has two equal horizontal bands: white on top and red below.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118165010/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/poland/"
        },
        {
          "id": "indonesia",
          "name": "Indonesia",
          "lat": -5,
          "lon": 120,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#ce1126",
              "#ffffff"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Indonesia's flag has two equal horizontal bands: red on top and white below.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118180205/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/indonesia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "ukraine",
          "name": "Ukraine",
          "lat": 49,
          "lon": 32,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#0057b7",
              "#ffd700"
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Ukraine's flag has two equal horizontal bands: blue on top and yellow below.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260115201415/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/"
        },
        {
          "id": "colombia",
          "name": "Colombia",
          "lat": 4,
          "lon": -72,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#fdda24",
              "#003893",
              "#ce1126"
            ],
            "weights": [
              2,
              1,
              1
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Colombia's flag has three horizontal bands: yellow on top (twice as tall as the others), blue, and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117121728/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/"
        },
        {
          "id": "thailand",
          "name": "Thailand",
          "lat": 15,
          "lon": 100,
          "flag": {
            "type": "h",
            "colors": [
              "#a51931",
              "#f4f5f8",
              "#2d2a4a",
              "#f4f5f8",
              "#a51931"
            ],
            "weights": [
              1,
              1,
              2,
              1,
              1
            ],
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Thailand's flag has five horizontal bands: red, white, a wide blue band in the middle, white, and red.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116034332/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand/"
        },
        {
          "id": "japan",
          "name": "Japan",
          "lat": 36,
          "lon": 138,
          "flag": {
            "type": "disc",
            "field": "#ffffff",
            "disc": "#bc002d",
            "cx": 0.5,
            "r": 0.4,
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Japan's flag is white with a red disc in the center.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118105509/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/"
        },
        {
          "id": "bangladesh",
          "name": "Bangladesh",
          "lat": 24,
          "lon": 90,
          "flag": {
            "type": "disc",
            "field": "#006a4e",
            "disc": "#f42a41",
            "cx": 0.45,
            "r": 0.4,
            "ratio": [
              3,
              5
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Bangladesh's flag is green with a red disc set a little toward the pole side.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118061904/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bangladesh/"
        },
        {
          "id": "denmark",
          "name": "Denmark",
          "lat": 56,
          "lon": 10,
          "flag": {
            "type": "nordic",
            "field": "#c8102e",
            "cross": "#ffffff",
            "x": [
              12,
              4,
              21
            ],
            "y": [
              12,
              4,
              12
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Denmark's flag is red with a white cross that is shifted toward the pole side.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118191623/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/denmark/"
        },
        {
          "id": "sweden",
          "name": "Sweden",
          "lat": 62,
          "lon": 15,
          "flag": {
            "type": "nordic",
            "field": "#006aa7",
            "cross": "#fecc00",
            "x": [
              5,
              2,
              9
            ],
            "y": [
              4,
              2,
              4
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Sweden's flag is blue with a yellow cross that is shifted toward the pole side.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260119005731/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sweden/"
        },
        {
          "id": "finland",
          "name": "Finland",
          "lat": 64,
          "lon": 26,
          "flag": {
            "type": "nordic",
            "field": "#ffffff",
            "cross": "#002f6c",
            "x": [
              5,
              3,
              10
            ],
            "y": [
              4,
              3,
              4
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Finland's flag is white with a blue cross that is shifted toward the pole side.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118071235/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/finland/"
        },
        {
          "id": "switzerland",
          "name": "Switzerland",
          "lat": 47,
          "lon": 8,
          "flag": {
            "type": "swiss",
            "field": "#da291c",
            "cross": "#ffffff",
            "ratio": [
              1,
              1
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Switzerland's flag is a red square with a white cross in the middle.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260118070006/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/switzerland/"
        },
        {
          "id": "madagascar",
          "name": "Madagascar",
          "lat": -20,
          "lon": 47,
          "flag": {
            "type": "hoist",
            "hoist": "#ffffff",
            "top": "#fc3d32",
            "bottom": "#007e3a",
            "ratio": [
              2,
              3
            ]
          },
          "explanation": "Madagascar's flag has a white vertical band next to the pole and two horizontal bands, red on top of green.",
          "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260116044954/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/madagascar/"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}