{
  "slug": "sort-storm",
  "title": "Sort Storm",
  "subject": "Science",
  "levels": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "States of matter",
      "grades": "Grades 4–5",
      "standard": "NGSS 5-PS1-1 and 2-PS1-1 (properties and states of matter)",
      "skill": "science.states-of-matter",
      "question": "Solid, liquid or gas?",
      "note": "Each thing is sorted by its state as you normally find it at room temperature, unless the item says otherwise.",
      "bins": [
        {
          "id": "solid",
          "label": "Solid",
          "color": "#ffd60a"
        },
        {
          "id": "liquid",
          "label": "Liquid",
          "color": "#3fe0ff"
        },
        {
          "id": "gas",
          "label": "Gas",
          "color": "#c78bff"
        }
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "iron-nail",
          "text": "Iron nail",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Iron is a metal that stays solid until about 1,538 °C.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/iron-chemical-element"
        },
        {
          "id": "wooden-block",
          "text": "Wooden block",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Wood keeps its own shape, so it is a solid.",
          "source": "https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/state.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "ice-cube",
          "text": "Ice cube from the freezer",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Ice is water in its solid state, below 0 °C.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/ice"
        },
        {
          "id": "pebble",
          "text": "Pebble",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Rock is a solid made of minerals; it keeps its shape.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/rock-geology"
        },
        {
          "id": "copper-coin",
          "text": "Copper coin",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Copper is a metal that stays solid until about 1,085 °C.",
          "source": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23978"
        },
        {
          "id": "candle-wax",
          "text": "Candle (unlit)",
          "answer": "solid",
          "explanation": "Candle wax is solid at room temperature and only melts near the flame.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/paraffin-wax"
        },
        {
          "id": "milk",
          "text": "Milk",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Milk flows and takes the shape of its glass, so it is a liquid.",
          "source": "https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/state.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "honey",
          "text": "Honey",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Honey is a thick liquid: it flows slowly and takes the shape of its jar.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/topic/honey"
        },
        {
          "id": "olive-oil",
          "text": "Olive oil",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Olive oil is a liquid at room temperature.",
          "source": "https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/what-should-you-eat/fats-and-cholesterol/types-of-fat/"
        },
        {
          "id": "vinegar",
          "text": "Vinegar",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Vinegar is a liquid made mostly of water and acetic acid.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/topic/vinegar"
        },
        {
          "id": "orange-juice",
          "text": "Orange juice",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Juice flows and fills the bottom of its glass, so it is a liquid.",
          "source": "https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/state.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "rainwater",
          "text": "Rainwater in a puddle",
          "answer": "liquid",
          "explanation": "Rain is liquid water falling from clouds.",
          "source": "https://www.usgs.gov/water-science-school/science/precipitation-and-water-cycle"
        },
        {
          "id": "helium-balloon",
          "text": "Helium in a balloon",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Helium is a gas; it is lighter than air, so the balloon floats.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/helium-chemical-element"
        },
        {
          "id": "oxygen",
          "text": "Oxygen we breathe",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Oxygen is a colorless gas that makes up about 21% of air.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/oxygen"
        },
        {
          "id": "soda-bubbles",
          "text": "Bubbles in soda",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Soda bubbles are carbon dioxide gas escaping from the drink.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/carbon-dioxide"
        },
        {
          "id": "water-vapor",
          "text": "Water vapor in the air",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Water vapor is water in its gas state; you can't see it.",
          "source": "https://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycle-kids-int.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "neon-sign",
          "text": "Neon in a sign",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Neon is a gas; it glows when electricity passes through it.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/neon-chemical-element"
        },
        {
          "id": "bike-tire-air",
          "text": "Air in a bike tire",
          "answer": "gas",
          "explanation": "Air is a mix of gases, mostly nitrogen and oxygen, squeezed into the tire.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/air"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "name": "Food web roles",
      "grades": "Grades 5–6",
      "standard": "NGSS 5-LS2-1 (movement of matter among organisms)",
      "skill": "science.food-web-roles",
      "question": "Producer, consumer or decomposer?",
      "bins": [
        {
          "id": "producer",
          "label": "Producer",
          "color": "#3ddc84"
        },
        {
          "id": "consumer",
          "label": "Consumer",
          "color": "#ff9d3b"
        },
        {
          "id": "decomposer",
          "label": "Decomposer",
          "color": "#c78bff"
        }
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "grass",
          "text": "Grass",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Grass makes its own food from sunlight by photosynthesis.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "oak-tree",
          "text": "Oak tree",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Trees make their own food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "sunflower",
          "text": "Sunflower",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Sunflowers are green plants that make food by photosynthesis.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/photosynthesis"
        },
        {
          "id": "pond-algae",
          "text": "Algae in a pond",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Algae photosynthesize, so they are producers in water food webs.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "phytoplankton",
          "text": "Phytoplankton",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Phytoplankton are tiny ocean producers that make food from sunlight.",
          "source": "https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/phyto.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "kelp",
          "text": "Kelp",
          "answer": "producer",
          "explanation": "Kelp is a large seaweed that makes food by photosynthesis.",
          "source": "https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/kelp.html"
        },
        {
          "id": "rabbit",
          "text": "Rabbit",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Rabbits eat plants to get energy, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "hawk",
          "text": "Hawk",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Hawks hunt and eat other animals, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/carnivore/"
        },
        {
          "id": "deer",
          "text": "Deer",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Deer eat leaves, grass and twigs, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "frog",
          "text": "Frog",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Frogs eat insects, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/animal/frog"
        },
        {
          "id": "caterpillar",
          "text": "Caterpillar",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Caterpillars eat leaves, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "shark",
          "text": "Shark",
          "answer": "consumer",
          "explanation": "Sharks eat fish and other animals, so they are consumers.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/food-web/"
        },
        {
          "id": "log-mushrooms",
          "text": "Mushrooms on a rotting log",
          "answer": "decomposer",
          "explanation": "These fungi break down the dead wood and return nutrients to the soil.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/decomposers/"
        },
        {
          "id": "bread-mold",
          "text": "Mold on old bread",
          "answer": "decomposer",
          "explanation": "Mold is a fungus that breaks down the bread it grows on.",
          "source": "https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/molds-food-are-they-dangerous"
        },
        {
          "id": "soil-bacteria",
          "text": "Bacteria breaking down dead leaves",
          "answer": "decomposer",
          "explanation": "Many soil bacteria break down dead plants and animals.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/decomposers/"
        },
        {
          "id": "bracket-fungus",
          "text": "Bracket fungus on a dead tree",
          "answer": "decomposer",
          "explanation": "Bracket fungi break down dead wood, recycling its nutrients.",
          "source": "https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/decomposers/"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "name": "Physical or chemical change",
      "grades": "Grades 7–8",
      "standard": "NGSS MS-PS1-2 (chemical reactions)",
      "skill": "science.physical-chemical-change",
      "question": "Physical or chemical change?",
      "note": "A physical change alters shape or state but not what the substance is. A chemical change makes a new substance.",
      "bins": [
        {
          "id": "physical",
          "label": "Physical",
          "color": "#3fe0ff"
        },
        {
          "id": "chemical",
          "label": "Chemical",
          "color": "#ff5a6e"
        }
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "id": "ice-melting",
          "text": "Ice melting",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "Melted ice is still water; only its state changed.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "water-boiling",
          "text": "Water boiling",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "Boiling turns liquid water into water vapor; it is still water.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "cutting-paper",
          "text": "Cutting paper",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "The pieces are smaller, but they are still paper.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "crushing-can",
          "text": "Crushing a soda can",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "The can changes shape, but it is still the same metal.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "freezing-juice",
          "text": "Freezing juice into pops",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "Freezing changes juice from liquid to solid; no new substance forms.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "chopping-wood",
          "text": "Chopping wood",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "Chopped wood is still wood, just in smaller pieces.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "breaking-glass",
          "text": "Breaking a glass",
          "answer": "physical",
          "explanation": "The pieces are still glass; only the shape changed.",
          "source": "https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/10:_Nuclear_and_Chemical_Reactions/10.04:_Physical_and_Chemical_Changes"
        },
        {
          "id": "burning-wood",
          "text": "Burning wood",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Burning turns wood into ash, smoke and gases: new substances.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction"
        },
        {
          "id": "iron-rusting",
          "text": "Iron rusting",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Iron reacts with oxygen and water to form rust, a new substance.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/corrosion"
        },
        {
          "id": "baking-cake",
          "text": "Baking a cake",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Heat makes the batter react and form new substances; you can't un-bake it.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction"
        },
        {
          "id": "toasting-bread",
          "text": "Toasting bread",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Browning toast is a chemical reaction that makes new substances.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/Maillard-reaction"
        },
        {
          "id": "milk-souring",
          "text": "Milk going sour",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Bacteria make lactic acid in the milk, a new substance.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/lactic-acid"
        },
        {
          "id": "fireworks",
          "text": "Fireworks exploding",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "The chemicals in fireworks react to make light, heat and new substances.",
          "source": "https://www.energy.gov/nnsa/articles/facts-about-fireworks"
        },
        {
          "id": "apple-browning",
          "text": "A cut apple turning brown",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "Chemicals in the apple react with oxygen in the air, making brown substances.",
          "source": "https://news.wisc.edu/curiosities-why-do-apple-slices-turn-brown"
        },
        {
          "id": "match-lighting",
          "text": "Lighting a match",
          "answer": "chemical",
          "explanation": "The match head burns, a reaction that makes new substances.",
          "source": "https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}